Videos of the phenomenon posted on social media quickly racked up views, with commenters saying the swarms looked like a movie scene or the apocalypse.
In North America, dragonfly migrations occur annually in late summer and early fall. Although it’s not clear what species of dragonfly caused a stir among sunbathers this weekend, Virginia “Ginger” Brown, the leading dragonfly expert in the Ocean State, told NBC 10 WJAR in 2021 that witnessing such an abundance of dragonflies along the coast is a miracle.
While about 130 species of dragonflies are known in Rhode Island, Brown told WJAR that the Common Green Darner comprise the bulk of those that migrate on a yearly basis, with others accompanying their flights.
My understanding is that the sort of dragonflies that perch and wait can get those numbers, but the sort that fly around looking for prey have not been studied (perchers versus hawkers). Still, articles like this just make the claim without distinction: https://www.nps.gov/articles/species-spotlight-dragonflies.htm
The percher dragonflies have impressive prey capture success
rates from 83% to 97% [98,103] as observed in the field and
in the greenhouse laboratory environment.
There have been all kinds of studies on their wing shape, rigidity, flight speed, how and which neurons respond to stimuli, and how ancient they are. The thing I find intriguing is that their flight muscles are ... basically exposed and wired to the eyes. That's an over simplification, though.