Is Critical Thinking the Most Important Skill for Software Engineers?

It's definitely up there.

I'd say the ability to understand a problem set and break it down into pieces is the most important skill for software engineers. You can have all the AI tools you want, but if you don't truly understand what it is you are trying to solve, you will likely end up at an over-engineered solution that requires consistent iteration.

I wouldn’t necessarily say it’s critical thinking as that’s too wide a term to be useful. What I would put in my top 3 skills are:

• problem decomposition
• curiosity
• being open to feedback / criticism

Problem decomposition allows you to take huge problems and fix them as if they’re nothing more than a few tiny issues.

You won’t learn anything after the initial knowledge required to do your job and keep on growing without being curious.

The same can be said for feedback, a lot of people attach their ego to their work. This is such a limiting factor, holding you back from improving in areas you weren’t aware of.

Critical thinking is definitely important, but I would say that the most underrated skill is communication (spoken and written).

Recently in my career I’ve been leading more and larger projects, and a lot of the skills I think more junior devs prioritize, I’ve found myself without. As you move into L4+ roles, I find the more important skills will come from team management, how to decompose problems, and delegate those components correctly given the talents of your other engineers. Critical thinking is important at every step of your career, but probably too broad to say it’s the most important. I feel the very senior engineers at my company are solving broad, architectural and operational issues rather than the individualized or hyper specific issues of the more junior devs. That’s not to say one set of problems is easier or harder than the other, but the senior devs need more “political” or managerial skills, for lack of a better term.

I was lucky I didnt faced this dumb attitude of locking others out of conversation. My experience from my early days is that seniors used jargon, but made sure that everyone understands what is means without any kind of shaming.

That's why I always considered jargon as useful. It is just some kind of model of point of wiew on some part of reality that we already agreed on (and must be clear to everyone in conversation). There is a saying "all models are wrong, some are useful". And critical thinking helps you determine if the presented model is useful in your context... or anywhere at all.

So I think it is good to understand some jargon, so you can determine if it fit your needs and brings any value, also you can be the hero who makes sure everybody understands.

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