Any older Thinkpad that's about 5-7 years old on eBay. You can get units that were high end when they came out (normal speed now) for $200-300 all day.
I know specifically the P50's have a thunderbolt port and you can get them with an i7 for around $250.
Dell Refurbished often sells refurbished business laptops for absurdly cheap with discount codes. The CPU is a bit older (8th/9th gen), but still very serviceable.
Here's an 8th gen i5/16GB/256GB laptop with a touch screen for $320.
Right now the best cheap laptop I know of with usb c charging etc is the t480 and t580. A refurb or renew with an i5 and 16gb ram is around 300 or less all day long. They are cheap to buy, cheap to fix, modify, or replace and will run great now and for years to come.
With the internal and external batteries, they can have 2 at once, they can run all day easily and then some.
Get the 1080 screen tho.
For $500 or less they can be had with i7 and bigger ram for more powerful duties.
HP 840 G3 and G4. They're pretty cheap refurbished on amazon and they're very durable laptops. We used them for all of the remote workers during covid. And they have one USB-C port
I don't know about other product lines, but we are issued HP Zbooks at work, their crappy performance and quality made sure to stop me from ever buying an HP computer for myself
There are going to be horror stories for any brand. I personally have had nothing but bad experiences with Dell computers. But if there's one that checks all your boxes, has great reviews, and meets your price point, I say go for it.
That said, I do feel like I hear the worst and most frequent stories about HP.
I can't speak for the whole company, but their older business laptops have been good in my experience. I've worked for an airline, and a logistics company, and in both they had HP contracts. I know that Dell laptops felt more brittle, I saw more of them come back brokwn. Also getting them refurbished doesn't give them money, if you don't want to do that.
It's has a normal charging port that take the small blue HP charger, and it's USBc port can also be used for charging. I recommend double checking the specs of whatever you're buying just to make sure I'm not imagining it.
The last laptop I bought is a Dell Inspiron from 2013. I got it at a ReStore (Habitat for Humanity) thrift shop for $125 ~2 yrs ago. i5 processor; built like a tank. Had to replace wifi chip b/c original was very slow. Got that on ebay for $25 (pkg of 5, but that's the only way they came). When W10 goes away, I'll make it a chromebook, if I haven't first figured out how to install Linux on it. If I need a usb c port, I'll find an adapter, as that would put less strain on my budget.