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A preauricular sinus (PAuS) is like a tiny hole near your ear that you're born with. It can be on one side or both, and sometimes there can be more than one hole on one ear. People have known about these little holes for a long, long time, even before doctors named them. Some artists in the past, like Hieronymous Bosch, drew pictures of them. Doctors later called them preauricular sinuses.
These little ear holes are special because they can be a part of different health conditions that some people have from birth. Think of them like a unique feature, just like how some people have freckles or dimples. So, in modern times, doctors see them as something interesting about a person's body, but they also check if they might be connected to any health issues.
I have one of those. I spent most of my life confused why when I scratched my left ear, it made a waxy feeling in my throat and made a horrible smell, but nothing like that happened with my right ear. After I got married, my wife asked if she could "pop the pimple on my ear", and she squeezed around that sinus and it oozed this horrible white goo.